初始dockerfile
dockerfile 就是用来构建docker镜像的构建文件!命令脚本! 先体验一下!
# 通过这脚本可以生成一个镜像,镜像是一层一层的,脚本是一个个命令,每个命令都是一层
# 创建一个dockerfile文件,名字可以随机 建议dockerfile
# 文件中的内容指令(大写) 参数
FROM centos
VOLUME ["volume01","volume02"]
CMD echo "------end------"
CMD /bin/bash/
# 这里的每一个命令都是镜像的一层
试一下
[root@iz8g9301trfnpxz docker-test-volume]# docker build -f /home/docker-test-volume/dockerfile1 -t kuangshen/centos:1.0 .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 2.048kB
Step 1/4 : FROM centos
---> 831691599b88
Step 2/4 : VOLUME ["volume01","volume02"]
---> Running in cfe1a7c20843
Removing intermediate container cfe1a7c20843
---> e0877f9a102a
Step 3/4 : CMD echo "------end------"
---> Running in 4ba75004d5d0
Removing intermediate container 4ba75004d5d0
---> 04b1dbef792a
Step 4/4 : CMD /bin/bash/
---> Running in 94b3954a4d3e
Removing intermediate container 94b3954a4d3e
---> 5c7e025fc4ff
Successfully built 5c7e025fc4ff
Successfully tagged kuangshen/centos:1.0
[root@iz8g9301trfnpxz docker-test-volume]#
启动一下自己写的容器
[root@iz8g9301trfnpxz docker-test-volume]# clear
[root@iz8g9301trfnpxz docker-test-volume]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
kuangshen/centos 1.0 5c7e025fc4ff 5 minutes ago 215MB
tomcat02 1.0 b17b415625d5 2 hours ago 657MB
tomcat latest 9a9ad4f631f8 2 days ago 647MB
portainer/portainer latest 62771b0b9b09 8 days ago 79.1MB
mysql 5.7 8679ced16d20 8 days ago 448MB
nginx latest 8cf1bfb43ff5 8 days ago 132MB
redis latest 50541622f4f1 9 days ago 104MB
centos latest 831691599b88 6 weeks ago 215MB
elasticsearch 7.6.2 f29a1ee41030 4 months ago 791MB
elasticsearch latest 5acf0e8da90b 22 months ago 486MB
[root@iz8g9301trfnpxz docker-test-volume]# docker run -it 5c7e025fc4ff /bin/bash
[root@1e52e32ab8e7 /]# ls
bin dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var volume01 volume02
上面的volume01和volume02就是我们自己挂载的,这个卷和外部一定是有一个同步的
[root@iz8g9301trfnpxz home]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
1e52e32ab8e7 5c7e025fc4ff "/bin/bash" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes goofy_feistel
33d87d73cf81 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 25 minutes ago Up 25 minutes 0.0.0.0:32769->80/tcp nginx03
8ec30de68329 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 28 minutes ago Up 28 minutes 0.0.0.0:32768->80/tcp nginx02
[root@iz8g9301trfnpxz home]# docker inspect 1e52e32ab8e7
[
{
"Id": "1e52e32ab8e7c00c87346c65bb75915dc4cfa557c03a78ae9cdb30fa2d6f125f",
"Created": "2020-07-31T02:44:24.621394005Z",
"Path": "/bin/bash",
"Args": [],
"State": {
"Status": "running",
"Running": true,
"Paused": false,
"Restarting": false,
"OOMKilled": false,
"Dead": false,
"Pid": 1318,
"ExitCode": 0,
"Error": "",
"StartedAt": "2020-07-31T02:44:24.951669958Z",
"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
},
"Image": "sha256:5c7e025fc4ff374c40b48eba10fccfeb6c6e00fb5499837e76755f8d22927229",
"ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/1e52e32ab8e7c00c87346c65bb75915dc4cfa557c03a78ae9cdb30fa2d6f125f/resolv.conf",
"HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/1e52e32ab8e7c00c87346c65bb75915dc4cfa557c03a78ae9cdb30fa2d6f125f/hostname",
"HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/1e52e32ab8e7c00c87346c65bb75915dc4cfa557c03a78ae9cdb30fa2d6f125f/hosts",
"LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/1e52e32ab8e7c00c87346c65bb75915dc4cfa557c03a78ae9cdb30fa2d6f125f/1e52e32ab8e7c00c87346c65bb75915dc4cfa557c03a78ae9cdb30fa2d6f125f-json.log",
"Name": "/goofy_feistel",
"RestartCount": 0,
"Driver": "overlay2",
"Platform": "linux",
"MountLabel": "",
"ProcessLabel": "",
"AppArmorProfile": "",
"ExecIDs": null,
"HostConfig": {
"Binds": null,
"ContainerIDFile": "",
"LogConfig": {
"Type": "json-file",
"Config": {}
},
"NetworkMode": "default",
"PortBindings": {},
"RestartPolicy": {
"Name": "no",
"MaximumRetryCount": 0
},
"AutoRemove": false,
"VolumeDriver": "",
"VolumesFrom": null,
"CapAdd": null,
"CapDrop": null,
"Capabilities": null,
"Dns": [],
"DnsOptions": [],
"DnsSearch": [],
"ExtraHosts": null,
"GroupAdd": null,
"IpcMode": "private",
"Cgroup": "",
"Links": null,
"OomScoreAdj": 0,
"PidMode": "",
"Privileged": false,
"PublishAllPorts": false,
"ReadonlyRootfs": false,
"SecurityOpt": null,
"UTSMode": "",
"UsernsMode": "",
"ShmSize": 67108864,
"Runtime": "runc",
"ConsoleSize": [
0,
0
],
"Isolation": "",
"CpuShares": 0,
"Memory": 0,
"NanoCpus": 0,
"CgroupParent": "",
"BlkioWeight": 0,
"BlkioWeightDevice": [],
"BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
"CpuPeriod": 0,
"CpuQuota": 0,
"CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
"CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
"CpusetCpus": "",
"CpusetMems": "",
"Devices": [],
"DeviceCgroupRules": null,
"DeviceRequests": null,
"KernelMemory": 0,
"KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
"MemoryReservation": 0,
"MemorySwap": 0,
"MemorySwappiness": null,
"OomKillDisable": false,
"PidsLimit": null,
"Ulimits": null,
"CpuCount": 0,
"CpuPercent": 0,
"IOMaximumIOps": 0,
"IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
"MaskedPaths": [
"/proc/asound",
"/proc/acpi",
"/proc/kcore",
"/proc/keys",
"/proc/latency_stats",
"/proc/timer_list",
"/proc/timer_stats",
"/proc/sched_debug",
"/proc/scsi",
"/sys/firmware"
],
"ReadonlyPaths": [
"/proc/bus",
"/proc/fs",
"/proc/irq",
"/proc/sys",
"/proc/sysrq-trigger"
]
},
"GraphDriver": {
"Data": {
"LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/b788b8fbe178271f742f242cd0cdced934cb5d4c004fe5fb6af6e7c03ac7a15c-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7be18956fd4a8679af67244a0bb9d19b4abc7e060c5712ce24bf3489c93ea32b/diff",
"MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/b788b8fbe178271f742f242cd0cdced934cb5d4c004fe5fb6af6e7c03ac7a15c/merged",
"UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/b788b8fbe178271f742f242cd0cdced934cb5d4c004fe5fb6af6e7c03ac7a15c/diff",
"WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/b788b8fbe178271f742f242cd0cdced934cb5d4c004fe5fb6af6e7c03ac7a15c/work"
},
"Name": "overlay2"
},
"Mounts": [
{
"Type": "volume",
"Name": "e113c26dfe915b20080e5a9f7ae700713d4f443ca95b9e80d82d351ace6b88ca",
"Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/e113c26dfe915b20080e5a9f7ae700713d4f443ca95b9e80d82d351ace6b88ca/_data",
"Destination": "volume02",
"Driver": "local",
"Mode": "",
"RW": true,
"Propagation": ""
},
{
"Type": "volume",
"Name": "b78af0b69e7fdfa0c87d2247f895021f6772b52e0d57b0f6ac3bef66dfd58964",
"Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/b78af0b69e7fdfa0c87d2247f895021f6772b52e0d57b0f6ac3bef66dfd58964/_data",
"Destination": "volume01",
"Driver": "local",
"Mode": "",
"RW": true,
"Propagation": ""
}
],
"Config": {
"Hostname": "1e52e32ab8e7",
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": true,
"AttachStdout": true,
"AttachStderr": true,
"Tty": true,
"OpenStdin": true,
"StdinOnce": true,
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
],
"Cmd": [
"/bin/bash"
],
"Image": "5c7e025fc4ff",
"Volumes": {
"volume01": {},
"volume02": {}
},
"WorkingDir": "",
"Entrypoint": null,
"OnBuild": null,
"Labels": {
"org.label-schema.build-date": "20200611",
"org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
"org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image",
"org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
"org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS"
}
},
"NetworkSettings": {
"Bridge": "",
"SandboxID": "20dbaff762c3e3f81ec4497c34edcf3ff34842bddabb3d0705d1c90551729f4d",
"HairpinMode": false,
"LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
"LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"Ports": {},
"SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/20dbaff762c3",
"SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
"SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
"EndpointID": "ce3538bdbc3b50aad38552ea578a45fd4f1db6cbc2e567012efc8b2421433691",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.4",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:04",
"Networks": {
"bridge": {
"IPAMConfig": null,
"Links": null,
"Aliases": null,
"NetworkID": "68c30b64280cd79fbbee1895f55c67d9febdb11a032fcbd4326319b1ea5c5075",
"EndpointID": "ce3538bdbc3b50aad38552ea578a45fd4f1db6cbc2e567012efc8b2421433691",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.4",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:04",
"DriverOpts": null
}
}
}
}
]
# 外部挂载信息
"Mounts": [
{
"Type": "volume",
"Name": "e113c26dfe915b20080e5a9f7ae700713d4f443ca95b9e80d82d351ace6b88ca",
"Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/e113c26dfe915b20080e5a9f7ae700713d4f443ca95b9e80d82d351ace6b88ca/_data",
"Destination": "volume02",
"Driver": "local",
"Mode": "",
"RW": true,
"Propagation": ""
},
{
"Type": "volume",
"Name": "b78af0b69e7fdfa0c87d2247f895021f6772b52e0d57b0f6ac3bef66dfd58964",
"Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/b78af0b69e7fdfa0c87d2247f895021f6772b52e0d57b0f6ac3bef66dfd58964/_data",
"Destination": "volume01",
"Driver": "local",
"Mode": "",
"RW": true,
"Propagation": ""
}
],
测试一下刚才的文件是否同步出去了
[root@iz8g9301trfnpxz home]# cd /var/lib/docker/volumes/e113c26dfe915b20080e5a9f7ae700713d4f443ca95b9e80d82d351ace6b88ca/_data
[root@iz8g9301trfnpxz _data]# ls
[root@iz8g9301trfnpxz _data]# cd /var/lib/docker/volumes/b78af0b69e7fdfa0c87d2247f895021f6772b52e0d57b0f6ac3bef66dfd58964/_data
[root@iz8g9301trfnpxz _data]# ls
container.txt
[root@iz8g9301trfnpxz _data]#
这种方式我们未来使用的十分多,因为我们通常会构建自己的镜像
假设构建镜像的时候没有挂载卷,要手动镜像挂载 -v 卷名:容器内路径!
容器间也可以数据共享
数据卷容器
比如我们两个mysql同步数据